/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.janusgraph.diskstorage.solr;

import static org.janusgraph.diskstorage.solr.SolrIndex.*;
import static org.janusgraph.graphdb.configuration.GraphDatabaseConfiguration.INDEX_MAX_RESULT_SET_SIZE;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.AbstractMap.SimpleEntry;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Spliterator;
import java.util.Spliterators;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpException;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.entity.BufferedHttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.auth.KerberosScheme;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.CachingTokenFilter;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Tokenizer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.tokenattributes.TermToBytesRefAttribute;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrClient;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrQuery;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.CloudSolrClient;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpClientUtil;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrClient;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.Krb5HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.LBHttpSolrClient;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.PreemptiveAuth;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.SolrHttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.request.CollectionAdminRequest;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.request.UpdateRequest;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.CollectionAdminResponse;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.QueryResponse;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.util.ClientUtils;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocument;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
import org.apache.solr.common.cloud.ClusterState;
import org.apache.solr.common.cloud.DocCollection;
import org.apache.solr.common.cloud.Replica;
import org.apache.solr.common.cloud.Slice;
import org.apache.solr.common.cloud.ZkStateReader;
import org.apache.solr.common.params.CommonParams;
import org.apache.solr.common.params.ModifiableSolrParams;
import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;
import org.janusgraph.core.Cardinality;
import org.janusgraph.core.JanusGraphElement;
import org.janusgraph.core.attribute.Cmp;
import org.janusgraph.core.attribute.Geo;
import org.janusgraph.core.attribute.Geoshape;
import org.janusgraph.core.attribute.Text;
import org.janusgraph.core.schema.Mapping;
import org.janusgraph.core.schema.Parameter;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.BackendException;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.BaseTransaction;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.BaseTransactionConfig;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.BaseTransactionConfigurable;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.PermanentBackendException;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.TemporaryBackendException;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.configuration.ConfigOption;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.configuration.Configuration;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.IndexEntry;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.IndexFeatures;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.IndexMutation;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.IndexProvider;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.IndexQuery;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.KeyInformation;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.indexing.RawQuery;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.solr.transform.GeoToWktConverter;
import org.janusgraph.diskstorage.util.DefaultTransaction;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.configuration.PreInitializeConfigOptions;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.database.serialize.AttributeUtils;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.internal.Order;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.JanusGraphPredicate;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.condition.And;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.condition.Condition;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.condition.Not;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.condition.Or;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.query.condition.PredicateCondition;
import org.janusgraph.graphdb.types.ParameterType;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;

/**
 * NOTE: Copied from JanusGraph for supporting Kerberos and adding support for multiple zookeeper clients. Do not change
 * This is a copy of SolrIndex.java from org.janusgraph.diskstorage.solr
 */
@PreInitializeConfigOptions
public class Solr6Index implements IndexProvider {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Solr6Index.class);

    private static final String DEFAULT_ID_FIELD  = "id";
    private static final char   CHROOT_START_CHAR = '/';

    private static Solr6Index instance = null;
    public static final ConfigOption<Boolean> CREATE_SOLR_CLIENT_PER_REQUEST = new ConfigOption(SOLR_NS, "create-client-per-request", "when false, allows the sharing of solr client across other components.", org.janusgraph.diskstorage.configuration.ConfigOption.Type.LOCAL, false);

    public enum Mode {
        HTTP, CLOUD;

        public static Mode parse(String mode) {
            for (final Mode m : Mode.values()) {
                if (m.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(mode)) return m;
            }
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unrecognized mode: "+mode);
        }

    }

    public static final ConfigOption<String[]> ZOOKEEPER_URLS = new ConfigOption<>(SOLR_NS,"zookeeper-urls",
            "URL of the Zookeeper instance coordinating the SolrCloud cluster",
            ConfigOption.Type.MASKABLE, new String[]{"localhost:2181"});

    private static final IndexFeatures SOLR_FEATURES = new IndexFeatures.Builder()
            .supportsDocumentTTL()
            .setDefaultStringMapping(Mapping.TEXT)
            .supportedStringMappings(Mapping.TEXT, Mapping.STRING)
            .supportsCardinality(Cardinality.SINGLE)
            .supportsCardinality(Cardinality.LIST)
            .supportsCardinality(Cardinality.SET)
            .supportsCustomAnalyzer()
            .supportsGeoContains()
            .build();

    private static final Map<Geo, String> SPATIAL_PREDICATES = spatialPredicates();
    private static boolean createSolrClientPerRequest;

    private final SolrClient solrClient;
    private final Configuration configuration;
    private final Mode mode;
    private final boolean dynFields;
    private final Map<String, String> keyFieldIds;
    private final String ttlField;
    private final int batchSize;
    private final boolean waitSearcher;
    private final boolean kerberosEnabled;

    public Solr6Index(final Configuration config) throws BackendException {
        // Add Kerberos-enabled SolrHttpClientBuilder
        HttpClientUtil.setHttpClientBuilder(new Krb5HttpClientBuilder().getBuilder());

        Preconditions.checkArgument(config!=null);
        configuration = config;
        mode = Mode.parse(config.get(SOLR_MODE));
        kerberosEnabled = config.get(KERBEROS_ENABLED);
        dynFields = config.get(DYNAMIC_FIELDS);
        keyFieldIds = parseKeyFieldsForCollections(config);
        batchSize = config.get(INDEX_MAX_RESULT_SET_SIZE);
        ttlField = config.get(TTL_FIELD);
        waitSearcher = config.get(WAIT_SEARCHER);

        if (kerberosEnabled) {
            logger.debug("Kerberos is enabled. Configuring SOLR for Kerberos.");
            configureSolrClientsForKerberos();
        } else {
            logger.debug("Kerberos is NOT enabled.");
            logger.debug("KERBEROS_ENABLED name is " + KERBEROS_ENABLED.getName() + " and it is" + (KERBEROS_ENABLED.isOption() ? " " : " not") + " an option.");
            logger.debug("KERBEROS_ENABLED type is " + KERBEROS_ENABLED.getType().name());
        }

        solrClient = createSolrClient();
        createSolrClientPerRequest = config.get(CREATE_SOLR_CLIENT_PER_REQUEST);
        if(createSolrClientPerRequest) {
            logger.info("A new Solr Client will be created for direct interation with SOLR.");
        } else {
            logger.info("Solr Client will be shared for direct interation with SOLR.");
        }
        Solr6Index.instance = this;
    }

    public static Mode getSolrMode() {
        Solr6Index solr6Index = Solr6Index.instance;
        Mode       ret        = (solr6Index != null) ? Mode.parse(solr6Index.configuration.get(SOLR_MODE)) : null;

        if (ret == null) {
            logger.warn("SolrMode is not set. Assuming {}", Mode.CLOUD);

            ret = Mode.CLOUD;
        }

        return ret;
    }

    public static SolrClient getSolrClient() {
        if (Solr6Index.instance != null) {
            if (createSolrClientPerRequest) {
                logger.debug("Creating a new Solr Client.");
                return Solr6Index.instance.createSolrClient();
            } else {
                logger.debug("Returning the solr client owned by Solr6Index.");
                return Solr6Index.instance.solrClient;
            }
        } else {
            logger.debug(" No Solr6Index available. Will return null");
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static void releaseSolrClient(SolrClient solrClient) {
        if(createSolrClientPerRequest) {
            if (solrClient != null) {
                try {
                    solrClient.close();

                    if(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Closed the solr client successfully.");
                    }
                } catch (IOException excp) {
                    logger.warn("Failed to close SolrClient.", excp);
                }
            }
        } else {
            if(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Ignoring the closing of solr client as it is owned by Solr6Index.");
            }
        }
    }

    private SolrClient createSolrClient() {
        if(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("HttpClientBuilder = {}", HttpClientUtil.getHttpClientBuilder(), new Exception());
        }
        final ModifiableSolrParams clientParams = new ModifiableSolrParams();
        SolrClient solrClient = null;

        Mode mode = Mode.parse(configuration.get(SOLR_MODE));
        switch (mode) {
            case CLOUD:
                final CloudSolrClient cloudServer = new CloudSolrClient.Builder()
                        .withLBHttpSolrClientBuilder(
                                new LBHttpSolrClient.Builder()
                                        .withHttpSolrClientBuilder(new HttpSolrClient.Builder().withInvariantParams(clientParams))
                                        .withBaseSolrUrls(configuration.get(HTTP_URLS))
                        )
                        .withZkHost(getZookeeperURLs(configuration))
                        .sendUpdatesOnlyToShardLeaders()
                        .build();
                cloudServer.connect();
                solrClient = cloudServer;
                logger.info("Created solr client using Cloud based configuration.");
                break;
            case HTTP:
                clientParams.add(HttpClientUtil.PROP_ALLOW_COMPRESSION, configuration.get(HTTP_ALLOW_COMPRESSION).toString());
                clientParams.add(HttpClientUtil.PROP_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, configuration.get(HTTP_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT).toString());
                clientParams.add(HttpClientUtil.PROP_MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOST, configuration.get(HTTP_MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOST).toString());
                clientParams.add(HttpClientUtil.PROP_MAX_CONNECTIONS, configuration.get(HTTP_GLOBAL_MAX_CONNECTIONS).toString());
                final HttpClient client = HttpClientUtil.createClient(clientParams);
                solrClient = new LBHttpSolrClient.Builder()
                        .withHttpClient(client)
                        .withBaseSolrUrls(configuration.get(HTTP_URLS))
                        .build();
                logger.info("Created solr client using HTTP based configuration.");
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported Solr operation mode: " + mode);
        }
        return solrClient;
    }

    private void configureSolrClientsForKerberos() throws PermanentBackendException {
        String kerberosConfig = System.getProperty("java.security.auth.login.config");
        if(kerberosConfig == null) {
            throw new PermanentBackendException("Unable to configure kerberos for solr client. System property 'java.security.auth.login.config' is not set.");
        }
        logger.debug("Using kerberos configuration file located at '{}'.", kerberosConfig);
        try(Krb5HttpClientBuilder krbBuild = new Krb5HttpClientBuilder()) {

            SolrHttpClientBuilder kb = krbBuild.getBuilder();
            HttpClientUtil.setHttpClientBuilder(kb);
            HttpRequestInterceptor bufferedEntityInterceptor = new HttpRequestInterceptor() {
                @Override
                public void process(HttpRequest request, HttpContext context) throws HttpException, IOException {
                    if(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) {
                        HttpEntityEnclosingRequest enclosingRequest = ((HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) request);
                        HttpEntity requestEntity = enclosingRequest.getEntity();
                        enclosingRequest.setEntity(new BufferedHttpEntity(requestEntity));
                    }
                }
            };
            HttpClientUtil.addRequestInterceptor(bufferedEntityInterceptor);

            HttpRequestInterceptor preemptiveAuth = new PreemptiveAuth(new KerberosScheme());
            HttpClientUtil.addRequestInterceptor(preemptiveAuth);
        }
    }

    private Map<String, String> parseKeyFieldsForCollections(Configuration config) throws BackendException {
        final Map<String, String> keyFieldNames = new HashMap<>();
        final String[] collectionFieldStatements = config.has(KEY_FIELD_NAMES) ? config.get(KEY_FIELD_NAMES) : new String[0];
        for (final String collectionFieldStatement : collectionFieldStatements) {
            final String[] parts = collectionFieldStatement.trim().split("=");
            if (parts.length != 2) {
                throw new PermanentBackendException(
                        "Unable to parse the collection name / key field name pair. It should be of the format collection=field");
            }
            final String collectionName = parts[0];
            final String keyFieldName = parts[1];
            keyFieldNames.put(collectionName, keyFieldName);
        }
        return keyFieldNames;
    }

    private String getKeyFieldId(String collection) {
        String field = keyFieldIds.get(collection);
        if (field==null) field = DEFAULT_ID_FIELD;
        return field;
    }

    /**
     * Unlike the ElasticSearch Index, which is schema free, Solr requires a schema to
     * support searching. This means that you will need to modify the solr schema with the
     * appropriate field definitions in order to work properly.  If you have a running instance
     * of Solr and you modify its schema with new fields, don't forget to re-index!
     * @param store Index store
     * @param key New key to register
     * @param information data type to register for the key
     * @param tx enclosing transaction
     * @throws BackendException in case an exception is thrown when
     * creating a collection.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public void register(String store, String key, KeyInformation information, BaseTransaction tx)
            throws BackendException {
        if (mode== Mode.CLOUD) {
            final CloudSolrClient client = (CloudSolrClient) solrClient;
            try {
                createCollectionIfNotExists(client, configuration, store);
            } catch (final IOException | SolrServerException | InterruptedException | KeeperException e) {
                throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
            }
        }
        //Since all data types must be defined in the schema.xml, pre-registering a type does not work
        //But we check Analyse feature
        String analyzer = ParameterType.STRING_ANALYZER.findParameter(information.getParameters(), null);
        if (analyzer != null) {
            //If the key have a tokenizer, we try to get it by reflection
            // some referred classes might not be able to be found via SystemClassLoader
            // since they might be associated with other classloader, in this situation
            // ClassNotFound exception will be thrown. instead of using SystemClassLoader
            // for all classes, we find its classloader first and then load the class, please
            // call - instantiateUsingClassLoader()
            try {
                ((Constructor<Tokenizer>) ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().loadClass(analyzer)
                        .getConstructor()).newInstance();
            } catch (final ReflectiveOperationException e) {
                throw new PermanentBackendException(e.getMessage(),e);
            }
        }
        analyzer = ParameterType.TEXT_ANALYZER.findParameter(information.getParameters(), null);
        if (analyzer != null) {
            //If the key have a tokenizer, we try to get it by reflection
            try {
                ((Constructor<Tokenizer>) ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().loadClass(analyzer)
                        .getConstructor()).newInstance();
            } catch (final ReflectiveOperationException e) {
                throw new PermanentBackendException(e.getMessage(),e);
            }
        }
    }

    private void instantiateUsingClassLoader(String analyzer) throws PermanentBackendException {
        if (analyzer == null) return;
        try {
            Class analyzerClass = Class.forName(analyzer);
            ClassLoader cl = analyzerClass.getClassLoader();
            ((Constructor<Tokenizer>) cl.loadClass(analyzer).getConstructor()).newInstance();
        } catch (final ReflectiveOperationException e) {
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e.getMessage(),e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void mutate(Map<String, Map<String, IndexMutation>> mutations, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information,
                       BaseTransaction tx) throws BackendException {
        logger.debug("Mutating SOLR");
        try {
            for (final Map.Entry<String, Map<String, IndexMutation>> stores : mutations.entrySet()) {
                final String collectionName = stores.getKey();
                final String keyIdField = getKeyFieldId(collectionName);

                final List<String> deleteIds = new ArrayList<>();
                final Collection<SolrInputDocument> changes = new ArrayList<>();

                for (final Map.Entry<String, IndexMutation> entry : stores.getValue().entrySet()) {
                    final String docId = entry.getKey();
                    final IndexMutation mutation = entry.getValue();
                    Preconditions.checkArgument(!(mutation.isNew() && mutation.isDeleted()));
                    Preconditions.checkArgument(!mutation.isNew() || !mutation.hasDeletions());
                    Preconditions.checkArgument(!mutation.isDeleted() || !mutation.hasAdditions());

                    //Handle any deletions
                    if (mutation.hasDeletions()) {
                        if (mutation.isDeleted()) {
                            logger.trace("Deleting entire document {}", docId);
                            deleteIds.add(docId);
                        } else {
                            final List<IndexEntry> fieldDeletions = new ArrayList<>(mutation.getDeletions());
                            if (mutation.hasAdditions()) {
                                for (final IndexEntry indexEntry : mutation.getAdditions()) {
                                    fieldDeletions.remove(indexEntry);
                                }
                            }
                            handleRemovalsFromIndex(collectionName, keyIdField, docId, fieldDeletions, information);
                        }
                    }

                    if (mutation.hasAdditions()) {
                        final int ttl = mutation.determineTTL();

                        final SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
                        doc.setField(keyIdField, docId);

                        final boolean isNewDoc = mutation.isNew();

                        if (isNewDoc)
                            logger.trace("Adding new document {}", docId);
                        final Map<String, Object> adds = collectFieldValues(mutation.getAdditions(), collectionName,
                                information);
                        // If cardinality is not single then we should use the "add" operation to update
                        // the index so we don't overwrite existing values.
                        adds.keySet().forEach(v-> {
                            final KeyInformation keyInformation = information.get(collectionName, v);
                            final String solrOp = keyInformation.getCardinality() == Cardinality.SINGLE ? "set" : "add";
                            doc.setField(v, isNewDoc ? adds.get(v) :
                                    new HashMap<String, Object>(1) {{put(solrOp, adds.get(v));}}
                            );
                        });
                        if (ttl>0) {
                            Preconditions.checkArgument(isNewDoc,
                                    "Solr only supports TTL on new documents [%s]", docId);
                            doc.setField(ttlField, String.format("+%dSECONDS", ttl));
                        }
                        changes.add(doc);
                    }
                }

                commitDeletes(collectionName, deleteIds);
                commitChanges(collectionName, changes);
            }
        } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new PermanentBackendException("Unable to complete query on Solr.", e);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw storageException(e);
        }
    }

    private void handleRemovalsFromIndex(String collectionName, String keyIdField, String docId,
                                         List<IndexEntry> fieldDeletions, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information)
            throws SolrServerException, IOException, BackendException {
        final Map<String, String> fieldDeletes = new HashMap<>(1);
        fieldDeletes.put("set", null);
        final SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
        doc.addField(keyIdField, docId);
        for(final IndexEntry v: fieldDeletions) {
            final KeyInformation keyInformation = information.get(collectionName, v.field);
            // If the cardinality is a Set or List, we just need to remove the individual value
            // received in the mutation and not set the field to null, but we still consolidate the values
            // in the event of multiple removals in one mutation.
            final Map<String, Object> deletes = collectFieldValues(fieldDeletions, collectionName, information);
            deletes.keySet().forEach(vertex -> {
                final Map<String, Object> remove;
                if (keyInformation.getCardinality() == Cardinality.SINGLE) {
                    remove = (Map) fieldDeletes;
                } else {
                    remove = new HashMap<>(1);
                    remove.put("remove", deletes.get(vertex));
                }
                doc.setField(vertex, remove);
            });
        }

        final UpdateRequest singleDocument = newUpdateRequest();
        singleDocument.add(doc);
        solrClient.request(singleDocument, collectionName);

    }

    private Object convertValue(Object value) throws BackendException {
        if (value instanceof Geoshape) {
            return GeoToWktConverter.convertToWktString((Geoshape) value);
        }
        if (value instanceof UUID) {
            return value.toString();
        }
        if(value instanceof Instant) {
            if(Math.floorMod(((Instant) value).getNano(), 1000000) != 0) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Solr indexes do not support nanoseconds");
            }
            return new Date(((Instant) value).toEpochMilli());
        }
        return value;
    }

    @Override
    public void restore(Map<String, Map<String, List<IndexEntry>>> documents,
                        KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information, BaseTransaction tx) throws BackendException {
        try {
            for (final Map.Entry<String, Map<String, List<IndexEntry>>> stores : documents.entrySet()) {
                final String collectionName = stores.getKey();

                final List<String> deleteIds = new ArrayList<>();
                final List<SolrInputDocument> newDocuments = new ArrayList<>();

                for (final Map.Entry<String, List<IndexEntry>> entry : stores.getValue().entrySet()) {
                    final String docID = entry.getKey();
                    final List<IndexEntry> content = entry.getValue();

                    if (content == null || content.isEmpty()) {
                        if (logger.isTraceEnabled())
                            logger.trace("Deleting document [{}]", docID);

                        deleteIds.add(docID);
                        continue;
                    }
                    final SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
                    doc.setField(getKeyFieldId(collectionName), docID);
                    final Map<String, Object> adds = collectFieldValues(content, collectionName, information);
                    adds.forEach(doc::setField);
                    newDocuments.add(doc);
                }
                commitDeletes(collectionName, deleteIds);
                commitChanges(collectionName, newDocuments);
            }
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new TemporaryBackendException("Could not restore Solr index", e);
        }
    }

    // This method will create a map of field ids to values.  In the case of multiValued fields,
    // it will consolidate all the values into one List or Set so it can be updated with a single Solr operation
    private Map<String, Object> collectFieldValues(List<IndexEntry> content, String collectionName,
                                                   KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information) throws BackendException {
        final Map<String, Object> docs = new HashMap<>();
        for (final IndexEntry addition: content) {
            final KeyInformation keyInformation = information.get(collectionName, addition.field);
            switch (keyInformation.getCardinality()) {
                case SINGLE:
                    docs.put(addition.field, convertValue(addition.value));
                    break;
                case SET:
                    if (!docs.containsKey(addition.field)) {
                        docs.put(addition.field, new HashSet<>());
                    }
                    ((Set<Object>) docs.get(addition.field)).add(convertValue(addition.value));
                    break;
                case LIST:
                    if (!docs.containsKey(addition.field)) {
                        docs.put(addition.field,  new ArrayList<>());
                    }
                    ((List<Object>) docs.get(addition.field)).add(convertValue(addition.value));
                    break;
            }
        }
        return docs;
    }

    private void commitChanges(String collectionName,
                               Collection<SolrInputDocument> documents) throws SolrServerException, IOException {
        if (documents.size() == 0) return;

        try {
            solrClient.request(newUpdateRequest().add(documents), collectionName);
        } catch (final HttpSolrClient.RemoteSolrException rse) {
            logger.error("Unable to save documents to Solr as one of the shape objects stored were not compatible with Solr.", rse);
            logger.error("Details in failed document batch: ");
            for (final SolrInputDocument d : documents) {
                final Collection<String> fieldNames = d.getFieldNames();
                for (final String name : fieldNames) {
                    logger.error(name + ":" + d.getFieldValue(name));
                }
            }

            throw rse;
        }
    }

    private void commitDeletes(String collectionName, List<String> deleteIds) throws SolrServerException, IOException {
        if (deleteIds.size() == 0) return;
        solrClient.request(newUpdateRequest().deleteById(deleteIds), collectionName);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream<String> query(IndexQuery query, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information,
                                BaseTransaction tx) throws BackendException {
        final String collection = query.getStore();
        final String keyIdField = getKeyFieldId(collection);
        final SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");
        solrQuery.set(CommonParams.FL, keyIdField);
        final String queryFilter = buildQueryFilter(query.getCondition(), information.get(collection));
        solrQuery.addFilterQuery(queryFilter);
        if (!query.getOrder().isEmpty()) {
            addOrderToQuery(solrQuery, query.getOrder());
        }
        solrQuery.setStart(0);
        if (query.hasLimit()) {
            solrQuery.setRows(Math.min(query.getLimit(), batchSize));
        } else {
            solrQuery.setRows(batchSize);
        }
        return executeQuery(query.hasLimit() ? query.getLimit() : null, 0, collection, solrQuery,
                doc -> doc.getFieldValue(keyIdField).toString());
    }

    private void addOrderToQuery(SolrQuery solrQuery, List<IndexQuery.OrderEntry> orders) {
        for (final IndexQuery.OrderEntry order1 : orders) {
            final String item = order1.getKey();
            final SolrQuery.ORDER order = order1.getOrder() == Order.ASC ? SolrQuery.ORDER.asc : SolrQuery.ORDER.desc;
            solrQuery.addSort(new SolrQuery.SortClause(item, order));
        }
    }

    private <E> Stream<E> executeQuery(Integer limit, int offset, String collection, SolrQuery solrQuery,
                                       Function<SolrDocument, E> function) throws PermanentBackendException {
        try {
            final SolrResultIterator<E> resultIterator = new SolrResultIterator<>(solrClient, limit, offset,
                    solrQuery.getRows(), collection, solrQuery, function);
            return StreamSupport.stream(Spliterators.spliteratorUnknownSize(resultIterator, Spliterator.ORDERED),
                    false);
        } catch (final IOException | UncheckedIOException e) {
            logger.error("Query did not complete : ", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        } catch (final SolrServerException | UncheckedSolrException e) {
            logger.error("Unable to query Solr index.", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        }
    }


    private SolrQuery runCommonQuery(RawQuery query, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information, BaseTransaction tx,
                                     String collection, String keyIdField) throws BackendException {
        final SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery(query.getQuery())
                .addField(keyIdField)
                .setIncludeScore(true)
                .setStart(query.getOffset());
        if (query.hasLimit()) {
            solrQuery.setRows(Math.min(query.getLimit(), batchSize));
        } else {
            solrQuery.setRows(batchSize);
        }
        if (!query.getOrders().isEmpty()) {
            addOrderToQuery(solrQuery, query.getOrders());
        }

        for(final Parameter parameter: query.getParameters()) {
            if (parameter.value() instanceof String[]) {
                solrQuery.setParam(parameter.key(), (String[]) parameter.value());
            } else if (parameter.value() instanceof String) {
                solrQuery.setParam(parameter.key(), (String) parameter.value());
            }
        }
        return solrQuery;
    }

    @Override
    public Stream<RawQuery.Result<String>> query(RawQuery query, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information,
                                                 BaseTransaction tx) throws BackendException {
        final String collection = query.getStore();
        final String keyIdField = getKeyFieldId(collection);
        return executeQuery(query.hasLimit() ? query.getLimit() : null, query.getOffset(), collection,
                runCommonQuery(query, information, tx, collection, keyIdField), doc -> {
                    final double score = Double.parseDouble(doc.getFieldValue("score").toString());
                    return new RawQuery.Result<>(doc.getFieldValue(keyIdField).toString(), score);
                });
    }

    @Override
    public Long totals(RawQuery query, KeyInformation.IndexRetriever information,
                       BaseTransaction tx) throws BackendException {
        try {
            final String collection = query.getStore();
            final String keyIdField = getKeyFieldId(collection);
            final QueryResponse response = solrClient.query(collection, runCommonQuery(query, information, tx,
                    collection, keyIdField));
            logger.debug("Executed query [{}] in {} ms", query.getQuery(), response.getElapsedTime());
            return response.getResults().getNumFound();
        } catch (final IOException e) {
            logger.error("Query did not complete : ", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        } catch (final SolrServerException e) {
            logger.error("Unable to query Solr index.", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        }
    }

    private static String escapeValue(Object value) {
        return ClientUtils.escapeQueryChars(value.toString());
    }

    public String buildQueryFilter(Condition<JanusGraphElement> condition, KeyInformation.StoreRetriever information) {
        if (condition instanceof PredicateCondition) {
            final PredicateCondition<String, JanusGraphElement> atom
                    = (PredicateCondition<String, JanusGraphElement>) condition;
            final Object value = atom.getValue();
            final String key = atom.getKey();
            final JanusGraphPredicate predicate = atom.getPredicate();

            if (value instanceof Number) {
                final String queryValue = escapeValue(value);
                Preconditions.checkArgument(predicate instanceof Cmp,
                        "Relation not supported on numeric types: " + predicate);
                final Cmp numRel = (Cmp) predicate;
                switch (numRel) {
                    case EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":" + queryValue);
                    case NOT_EQUAL:
                        return ("-" + key + ":" + queryValue);
                    case LESS_THAN:
                        //use right curly to mean up to but not including value
                        return (key + ":[* TO " + queryValue + "}");
                    case LESS_THAN_EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":[* TO " + queryValue + "]");
                    case GREATER_THAN:
                        //use left curly to mean greater than but not including value
                        return (key + ":{" + queryValue + " TO *]");
                    case GREATER_THAN_EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":[" + queryValue + " TO *]");
                    default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected relation: " + numRel);
                }
            } else if (value instanceof String) {
                final Mapping map = getStringMapping(information.get(key));
                assert map==Mapping.TEXT || map==Mapping.STRING;

                if (map==Mapping.TEXT && !(Text.HAS_CONTAINS.contains(predicate) || predicate instanceof Cmp))
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Text mapped string values only support CONTAINS and Compare queries and not: " + predicate);
                if (map==Mapping.STRING && Text.HAS_CONTAINS.contains(predicate))
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("String mapped string values do not support CONTAINS queries: " + predicate);

                //Special case
                if (predicate == Text.CONTAINS) {
                    return tokenize(information, value, key, predicate,
                            ParameterType.TEXT_ANALYZER.findParameter(information.get(key).getParameters(), null));
                } else if (predicate == Text.PREFIX || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_PREFIX) {
                    return (key + ":" + escapeValue(value) + "*");
                } else if (predicate == Text.REGEX || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_REGEX) {
                    return (key + ":/" + value + "/");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.EQUAL) {
                    final String tokenizer =
                            ParameterType.STRING_ANALYZER.findParameter(information.get(key).getParameters(), null);
                    if(tokenizer != null){
                        return tokenize(information, value, key, predicate,tokenizer);
                    } else {
                        return (key + ":\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"");
                    }
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.NOT_EQUAL) {
                    return ("-" + key + ":\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"");
                } else if (predicate == Text.FUZZY || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_FUZZY) {
                    return (key + ":"+escapeValue(value)+"~");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.LESS_THAN) {
                    return (key + ":[* TO \"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"}");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.LESS_THAN_EQUAL) {
                    return (key + ":[* TO \"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"]");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.GREATER_THAN) {
                    return (key + ":{\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\" TO *]");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.GREATER_THAN_EQUAL) {
                    return (key + ":[\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\" TO *]");
                } else {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Relation is not supported for string value: " + predicate);
                }
            } else if (value instanceof Geoshape) {
                final Mapping map = Mapping.getMapping(information.get(key));
                Preconditions.checkArgument(predicate instanceof Geo && predicate != Geo.DISJOINT,
                        "Relation not supported on geo types: " + predicate);
                Preconditions.checkArgument(map == Mapping.PREFIX_TREE || predicate == Geo.WITHIN || predicate == Geo.INTERSECT,
                        "Relation not supported on geopoint types: " + predicate);
                final Geoshape geo = (Geoshape)value;
                if (geo.getType() == Geoshape.Type.CIRCLE && (predicate == Geo.INTERSECT || map == Mapping.DEFAULT)) {
                    final Geoshape.Point center = geo.getPoint();
                    return ("{!geofilt sfield=" + key +
                            " pt=" + center.getLatitude() + "," + center.getLongitude() +
                            " d=" + geo.getRadius() + "} distErrPct=0"); //distance in kilometers
                } else if (geo.getType() == Geoshape.Type.BOX && (predicate == Geo.INTERSECT || map == Mapping.DEFAULT)) {
                    final Geoshape.Point southwest = geo.getPoint(0);
                    final Geoshape.Point northeast = geo.getPoint(1);
                    return (key + ":[" + southwest.getLatitude() + "," + southwest.getLongitude() +
                            " TO " + northeast.getLatitude() + "," + northeast.getLongitude() + "]");
                } else if (map == Mapping.PREFIX_TREE) {
                    return key + ":\"" + SPATIAL_PREDICATES.get(predicate) + "(" + geo + ")\" distErrPct=0";
                } else {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported or invalid search shape type: " + geo.getType());
                }
            } else if (value instanceof Date || value instanceof Instant) {
                final String s = value.toString();
                final String queryValue = escapeValue(value instanceof Date ? toIsoDate((Date) value) : value.toString());
                Preconditions.checkArgument(predicate instanceof Cmp, "Relation not supported on date types: "
                        + predicate);
                final Cmp numRel = (Cmp) predicate;

                switch (numRel) {
                    case EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":" + queryValue);
                    case NOT_EQUAL:
                        return ("-" + key + ":" + queryValue);
                    case LESS_THAN:
                        //use right curly to mean up to but not including value
                        return (key + ":[* TO " + queryValue + "}");
                    case LESS_THAN_EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":[* TO " + queryValue + "]");
                    case GREATER_THAN:
                        //use left curly to mean greater than but not including value
                        return (key + ":{" + queryValue + " TO *]");
                    case GREATER_THAN_EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":[" + queryValue + " TO *]");
                    default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected relation: " + numRel);
                }
            } else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
                final Cmp numRel = (Cmp) predicate;
                final String queryValue = escapeValue(value);
                switch (numRel) {
                    case EQUAL:
                        return (key + ":" + queryValue);
                    case NOT_EQUAL:
                        return ("-" + key + ":" + queryValue);
                    default:
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Boolean types only support EQUAL or NOT_EQUAL");
                }
            } else if (value instanceof UUID) {
                if (predicate == Cmp.EQUAL) {
                    return (key + ":\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"");
                } else if (predicate == Cmp.NOT_EQUAL) {
                    return ("-" + key + ":\"" + escapeValue(value) + "\"");
                } else {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Relation is not supported for uuid value: " + predicate);
                }
            } else throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported type: " + value);
        } else if (condition instanceof Not) {
            final String sub = buildQueryFilter(((Not)condition).getChild(),information);
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(sub)) return "-("+sub+")";
            else return "";
        } else if (condition instanceof And) {
            final int numChildren = ((And) condition).size();
            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (final Condition<JanusGraphElement> c : condition.getChildren()) {
                final String sub = buildQueryFilter(c, information);

                if (StringUtils.isBlank(sub))
                    continue;

                // we don't have to add "+" which means AND iff
                // a. it's a NOT query,
                // b. expression is a single statement in the AND.
                if (!sub.startsWith("-") && numChildren > 1)
                    sb.append("+");

                sb.append(sub).append(" ");
            }
            return sb.toString();
        } else if (condition instanceof Or) {
            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            int element=0;
            for (final Condition<JanusGraphElement> c : condition.getChildren()) {
                final String sub = buildQueryFilter(c,information);
                if (StringUtils.isBlank(sub)) continue;
                if (element==0) sb.append("(");
                else sb.append(" OR ");
                sb.append(sub);
                element++;
            }
            if (element>0) sb.append(")");
            return sb.toString();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid condition: " + condition);
        }
    }

    private String tokenize(KeyInformation.StoreRetriever information, Object value, String key,
                            JanusGraphPredicate janusgraphPredicate, String tokenizer) {
        List<String> terms;
        if(tokenizer != null){
            terms = customTokenize(tokenizer, (String) value);
        } else {
            terms = Text.tokenize((String) value);
        }
        if (terms.isEmpty()) {
            return "";
        } else if (terms.size() == 1) {
            return (key + ":(" + escapeValue(terms.get(0)) + ")");
        } else {
            final And<JanusGraphElement> andTerms = new And<>();
            for (final String term : terms) {
                andTerms.add(new PredicateCondition<>(key, janusgraphPredicate, term));
            }
            return buildQueryFilter(andTerms, information);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private List<String> customTokenize(String tokenizerClass, String value){
        CachingTokenFilter stream = null;
        try {
            final List<String> terms = new ArrayList<>();
            final Tokenizer tokenizer
                    = ((Constructor<Tokenizer>) ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().loadClass(tokenizerClass)
                    .getConstructor()).newInstance();
            tokenizer.setReader(new StringReader(value));
            stream = new CachingTokenFilter(tokenizer);
            final TermToBytesRefAttribute termAtt = stream.getAttribute(TermToBytesRefAttribute.class);
            stream.reset();
            while (stream.incrementToken()) {
                terms.add(termAtt.getBytesRef().utf8ToString());
            }
            return terms;
        } catch ( ReflectiveOperationException | IOException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage(),e);
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
        }
    }

    private String toIsoDate(Date value) {
        final TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC");
        final DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'");
        df.setTimeZone(tz);
        return df.format(value);
    }

    /**
     * Solr handles all transactions on the server-side. That means all
     * commit, optimize, or rollback applies since the last commit/optimize/rollback.
     * Solr documentation recommends best way to update Solr is in one process to avoid
     * race conditions.
     *
     * @return New Transaction Handle
     */
    @Override
    public BaseTransactionConfigurable beginTransaction(BaseTransactionConfig config) {
        return new DefaultTransaction(config);
    }

    @Override
    public void close() throws BackendException {
        logger.trace("Shutting down connection to Solr", solrClient);
        try {
            solrClient.close();
        } catch (final IOException e) {
            throw new TemporaryBackendException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void clearStorage() throws BackendException {
        try {
            if (mode!= Mode.CLOUD) {
                logger.error("Operation only supported for SolrCloud. Cores must be deleted manually through the Solr API when using HTTP mode.");
                return;
            }
            logger.debug("Clearing storage from Solr: {}", solrClient);
            final ZkStateReader zkStateReader = ((CloudSolrClient) solrClient).getZkStateReader();
            zkStateReader.forciblyRefreshAllClusterStateSlow();
            final ClusterState clusterState = zkStateReader.getClusterState();
            for (final String collection : clusterState.getCollectionsMap().keySet()) {
                logger.debug("Clearing collection [{}] in Solr",collection);
                // Collection is not dropped because it may have been created externally
                final UpdateRequest deleteAll = newUpdateRequest();
                deleteAll.deleteByQuery("*:*");
                solrClient.request(deleteAll, collection);
            }

        } catch (final SolrServerException e) {
            logger.error("Unable to clear storage from index due to server error on Solr.", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        } catch (final IOException e) {
            logger.error("Unable to clear storage from index due to low-level I/O error.", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            logger.error("Unable to clear storage from index due to general error.", e);
            throw new PermanentBackendException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(KeyInformation information, JanusGraphPredicate predicate) {
        final Class<?> dataType = information.getDataType();
        final Mapping mapping = Mapping.getMapping(information);
        if (mapping!=Mapping.DEFAULT && !AttributeUtils.isString(dataType) &&
                !(mapping==Mapping.PREFIX_TREE && AttributeUtils.isGeo(dataType))) return false;

        if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(dataType)) {
            return predicate instanceof Cmp;
        } else if (dataType == Geoshape.class) {
            switch(mapping) {
                case DEFAULT:
                    return predicate == Geo.WITHIN || predicate == Geo.INTERSECT;
                case PREFIX_TREE:
                    return predicate == Geo.INTERSECT || predicate == Geo.WITHIN || predicate == Geo.CONTAINS;
            }
        } else if (AttributeUtils.isString(dataType)) {
            switch(mapping) {
                case DEFAULT:
                case TEXT:
                    return predicate == Text.CONTAINS || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_PREFIX
                            || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_REGEX || predicate == Text.CONTAINS_FUZZY;
                case STRING:
                    return predicate instanceof Cmp || predicate==Text.REGEX || predicate==Text.PREFIX  || predicate == Text.FUZZY;
//                case TEXTSTRING:
//                    return (janusgraphPredicate instanceof Text) || janusgraphPredicate == Cmp.EQUAL || janusgraphPredicate==Cmp.NOT_EQUAL;
            }
        } else if (dataType == Date.class || dataType == Instant.class) {
            return predicate instanceof Cmp;
        } else if (dataType == Boolean.class) {
            return predicate == Cmp.EQUAL || predicate == Cmp.NOT_EQUAL;
        } else if (dataType == UUID.class) {
            return predicate == Cmp.EQUAL || predicate==Cmp.NOT_EQUAL;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(KeyInformation information) {
        final Class<?> dataType = information.getDataType();
        final Mapping mapping = Mapping.getMapping(information);
        if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(dataType) || dataType == Date.class || dataType == Instant.class
                || dataType == Boolean.class || dataType == UUID.class) {
            return mapping == Mapping.DEFAULT;
        } else if (AttributeUtils.isString(dataType)) {
            return mapping == Mapping.DEFAULT || mapping == Mapping.TEXT || mapping == Mapping.STRING;
        } else if (AttributeUtils.isGeo(dataType)) {
            return mapping == Mapping.DEFAULT || mapping == Mapping.PREFIX_TREE;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public String mapKey2Field(String key, KeyInformation keyInfo) {
        IndexProvider.checkKeyValidity(key);
        key = key.replace(' ', REPLACEMENT_CHAR);

        if (!dynFields) return key;
        if (ParameterType.MAPPED_NAME.hasParameter(keyInfo.getParameters())) return key;
        String postfix;
        final Class dataType = keyInfo.getDataType();
        if (AttributeUtils.isString(dataType)) {
            final Mapping map = getStringMapping(keyInfo);
            switch (map) {
                case TEXT: postfix = "_t"; break;
                case STRING: postfix = "_s"; break;
                default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported string mapping: " + map);
            }
        } else if (AttributeUtils.isWholeNumber(dataType)) {
            if (dataType.equals(Long.class)) postfix = "_l";
            else postfix = "_i";
        } else if (AttributeUtils.isDecimal(dataType)) {
            if (dataType.equals(Float.class)) postfix = "_f";
            else postfix = "_d";
        } else if (dataType.equals(BigInteger.class)) {
            postfix = "_bi";
        } else if (dataType.equals(BigDecimal.class)) {
            postfix = "_bd";
        } else if (dataType.equals(Geoshape.class)) {
            postfix = "_g";
        } else if (dataType.equals(Date.class) || dataType.equals(Instant.class)) {
            postfix = "_dt";
        } else if (dataType.equals(Boolean.class)) {
            postfix = "_b";
        } else if (dataType.equals(UUID.class)) {
            postfix = "_uuid";
        } else throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported data type ["+dataType+"] for field: " + key);

        if (keyInfo.getCardinality() == Cardinality.SET || keyInfo.getCardinality() == Cardinality.LIST) {
            postfix += "s";
        }
        return key+postfix;
    }

    @Override
    public IndexFeatures getFeatures() {
        return SOLR_FEATURES;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean exists() throws BackendException {
        if (mode!= Mode.CLOUD) throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Operation only supported for SolrCloud");
        final CloudSolrClient server = (CloudSolrClient) solrClient;
        try {
            final ZkStateReader zkStateReader = server.getZkStateReader();
            zkStateReader.forciblyRefreshAllClusterStateSlow();
            final ClusterState clusterState = zkStateReader.getClusterState();
            final Map<String, DocCollection> collections = clusterState.getCollectionsMap();
            return collections != null && !collections.isEmpty();
        } catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) {
            throw new PermanentBackendException("Unable to check if index exists", e);
        }
    }

    /*
    ################# UTILITY METHODS #######################
     */

    private static Mapping getStringMapping(KeyInformation information) {
        assert AttributeUtils.isString(information.getDataType());
        Mapping map = Mapping.getMapping(information);
        if (map==Mapping.DEFAULT) map = Mapping.TEXT;
        return map;
    }

    private static Map<Geo, String> spatialPredicates() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(Stream.of(
                new SimpleEntry<>(Geo.WITHIN, "IsWithin"),
                new SimpleEntry<>(Geo.CONTAINS, "Contains"),
                new SimpleEntry<>(Geo.INTERSECT, "Intersects"),
                new SimpleEntry<>(Geo.DISJOINT, "IsDisjointTo"))
                .collect(Collectors.toMap(SimpleEntry::getKey, SimpleEntry::getValue)));
    }

    private UpdateRequest newUpdateRequest() {
        final UpdateRequest req = new UpdateRequest();
        if(waitSearcher) {
            req.setAction(UpdateRequest.ACTION.COMMIT, true, true);
        }
        return req;
    }

    private BackendException storageException(Exception solrException) {
        return new TemporaryBackendException("Unable to complete query on Solr.", solrException);
    }

    private static void createCollectionIfNotExists(CloudSolrClient client, Configuration config, String collection)
            throws IOException, SolrServerException, KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        if (!checkIfCollectionExists(client, collection)) {
            final Integer numShards = config.get(NUM_SHARDS);
            final Integer maxShardsPerNode = config.get(MAX_SHARDS_PER_NODE);
            final Integer replicationFactor = config.get(REPLICATION_FACTOR);


            // Ideally this property used so a new configset is not uploaded for every single
            // index (collection) created in solr.
            // if a generic configSet is not set, make the configset name the same as the collection.
            // This was the default behavior before a default configSet could be specified
            final String  genericConfigSet = config.has(SOLR_DEFAULT_CONFIG) ? config.get(SOLR_DEFAULT_CONFIG):collection;

            final CollectionAdminRequest.Create createRequest = CollectionAdminRequest.createCollection(collection, genericConfigSet, numShards, replicationFactor);
            createRequest.setMaxShardsPerNode(maxShardsPerNode);

            final CollectionAdminResponse createResponse = createRequest.process(client);
            if (createResponse.isSuccess()) {
                logger.trace("Collection {} successfully created.", collection);
            } else {
                throw new SolrServerException(Joiner.on("\n").join(createResponse.getErrorMessages()));
            }
        }

        waitForRecoveriesToFinish(client, collection);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the collection has already been created in Solr.
     */
    private static boolean checkIfCollectionExists(CloudSolrClient server, String collection) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        final ZkStateReader zkStateReader = server.getZkStateReader();
        zkStateReader.forceUpdateCollection(collection);
        final ClusterState clusterState = zkStateReader.getClusterState();
        return clusterState.getCollectionOrNull(collection) != null;
    }

    /**
     * Wait for all the collection shards to be ready.
     */
    private static void waitForRecoveriesToFinish(CloudSolrClient server, String collection) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        final ZkStateReader zkStateReader = server.getZkStateReader();
        try {
            boolean cont = true;

            while (cont) {
                boolean sawLiveRecovering = false;
                zkStateReader.forceUpdateCollection(collection);
                final ClusterState clusterState = zkStateReader.getClusterState();
                final Map<String, Slice> slices = clusterState.getCollection(collection).getSlicesMap();
                Preconditions.checkNotNull(slices, "Could not find collection:" + collection);

                // change paths for Replica.State per Solr refactoring
                // remove SYNC state per: http://tinyurl.com/pag6rwt
                for (final Map.Entry<String, Slice> entry : slices.entrySet()) {
                    final Map<String, Replica> shards = entry.getValue().getReplicasMap();
                    for (final Map.Entry<String, Replica> shard : shards.entrySet()) {
                        final String state = shard.getValue().getStr(ZkStateReader.STATE_PROP).toUpperCase();
                        if ((Replica.State.RECOVERING.name().equals(state) || Replica.State.DOWN.name().equals(state))
                                && clusterState.liveNodesContain(shard.getValue().getStr(
                                ZkStateReader.NODE_NAME_PROP))) {
                            sawLiveRecovering = true;
                        }
                    }
                }


                if (!sawLiveRecovering) {
                    cont = false;
                } else {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                }
            }
        } finally {
            logger.info("Exiting solr wait");
        }
    }

    /* ATLAS-2920: Update JanusGraph Solr clients to use all zookeeper entries – start */
    private static List<String> getZookeeperURLs(Configuration config) {
        List<String> ret     = null;
        String[]     zkHosts = config.get(ZOOKEEPER_URLS);

        if (zkHosts != null) {
            ret = new ArrayList<>(zkHosts.length);

            for (int i = 0; i < zkHosts.length; i++) {
                String zkHost = zkHosts[i];

                if (StringUtils.isEmpty(zkHost)) {
                    continue;
                }

                int idxSlash = zkHost.indexOf(CHROOT_START_CHAR);

                if (idxSlash != -1 && i < zkHosts.length - 1) {
                    zkHost = zkHost.substring(0, idxSlash);
                }

                if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(zkHost)) {
                    ret.add(zkHost);
                }
            }
        }

        return ret;
    }
    /* ATLAS-2920 – end */
}